State of Somalia Report 2024
The State of Somalia (SOS) 2024 report provides an in-depth analysis of the key events and trends that shaped Somalia throughout the year. It examines political, security, economic, and humanitarian developments, as well as the role of external actors, with the aim of informing peace and state-building efforts. Among the most significant events of 2024 were the controversial Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between Ethiopia and Somaliland, which Somalia strongly rejected as a violation of its sovereignty; the Federal Government of Somalia’s constitutional and electoral reforms, criticized by opposition groups as unilateral and lacking broad-based consultation; ongoing counterterrorism operations against Al-Shabaab and Daesh; and shifting humanitarian dynamics marked by both modest improvements in need figures and continuing challenges from displacement, conflict, and climate shocks. Bringing together data, expert perspectives, and policy analysis, the report highlights the major developments of the year and their implications for Somalia’s governance, security, and development trajectory.