State of Somalia Report 2025
The State of Somalia 2025 is the latest edition of the Heritage Institute for Policy Studies’ flagship annual report. It reviews the major political, security, economic, diplomatic, and humanitarian developments that shaped the country over the year.
The report finds 2025 to be a year of sharp contrasts. Somalia recorded notable gains in international diplomacy, institutional development, regional integration, and state visibility, deepening its engagement with Türkiye, advancing its integration with the East African Community, clearing its UN arrears, and winning a seat on the UN Security Council. At the same time, political polarization, federal-state tensions, humanitarian vulnerability, and unresolved constitutional and electoral questions continued to constrain state-building. Economic growth cooled to an estimated 3.0 percent amid declining foreign assistance and drought, even as the government secured debt relief and expanded its regional economic partnerships.
As Somalia approaches a critical electoral period, the report concludes that the ability of political leaders to forge consensus, strengthen institutions, and maintain public confidence will shape whether recent gains can be consolidated into a more stable state-building trajectory.